| Approach               |     Full-tuning    |    Freeze-tuning   |       LoRA         |       QLoRA        |
| ---------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ |
| Pre-Training           | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| Supervised Fine-Tuning | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| Reward Modeling        | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| PPO Training           | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| DPO Training           | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| KTO Training           | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| ORPO Training          | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |
| SimPO Training         | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: |